{"id":6384,"date":"2023-02-28T06:13:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T06:13:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/13.232.23.69\/?p=6384"},"modified":"2023-07-19T05:44:29","modified_gmt":"2023-07-19T05:44:29","slug":"improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/","title":{"rendered":"Improving The Plight of Domestic Workers in India, One Step at A Time"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_78 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#The_Plight_of_Domestic_Workers_in_India\" >The Plight of Domestic Workers in India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Informal_Work_and_The_Lack_of_Benefits\" >Informal Work and The Lack of Benefits<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Lack_Of_Social_Security\" >Lack Of Social Security<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Job_Insecurity\" >Job Insecurity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Poor_Working_Conditions\" >Poor Working Conditions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Policy_Gaps\" >Policy Gaps<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#Gender-Specific_Challenges\" >Gender-Specific Challenges<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#How_To_Improve_the_Plight_of_Domestic_Workers_in_India\" >How To Improve the Plight of Domestic Workers in India?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/improving-the-plight-of-domestic-workers-in-india-one-step-at-a-time\/#By_providing_social_security_benefits%E2%80%A6\" >By providing social security benefits\u2026<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Domestic workers are the backbone of most urban households and urban economies in India. Household and care work is stereotypically seen as women\u2019s responsibility. Many middle-class and upper-middle-class women in urban India are able to engage in formal employment and earn a degree of success in their careers only because of the unseen assistance and support of their domestic workers. By extension, the households of these women are also able to live and function with lower levels of stress.<\/p>\n<p>Domestic work offered by a whole army of domestic workers is an essential service for many urban households. Unlike in countries like the US and Denmark, paid domestic work isn\u2019t a luxury or a good-to-have service.<\/p>\n<p>Despite rendering such an essential service, domestic workers seldom have access to rights, protection or benefits. In fact, <strong>94%<\/strong> of the world\u2019s domestic workers lack social security according to ILO. Operating in the private and familial realms, the domestic workforce is rendered invisible. The multiple challenges and risks faced by this invisible workforce go unnoticed. Given the sector itself is highly unregulated, domestic workers are one of the most vulnerable sections of the population of India.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Plight_of_Domestic_Workers_in_India\"><\/span>The Plight of Domestic Workers in India<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Domestic workers are those who work and carry out duties within the confines of a private household(s) for remuneration. There are three key categories of domestic workers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>full-time workers who work full-time for one employer but live out.<\/li>\n<li>part-time workers who may work in one or more households on an hourly\/ part-time basis.<\/li>\n<li>live-in workers who work full-time with a single employer and stay in the premises of the employer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ever since liberalization in the 1990s, we have seen a massive rise in the number of domestic workers in India. In 1991, there were roughly 7.4 lakh domestic workers in the country. The number rose to 16.2 lakhs in 1999-2000, increasing more than 120% in the decade post-liberalization.<\/p>\n<p>In the decade that followed the number rose another 150% to 25.3 lakhs in 2009-10. As per the latest <strong>NSSO<\/strong><strong> (National Sample Survey Organisation)<\/strong> data from 2012, there are around 39 lakh domestic workers in India. And 26 lakhs of these workers are women.<\/p>\n<p>We have already discussed in the introduction one of the key reasons for the growing demand for domestic workers. As the economy opened up and more women took up professions and paid employment, the need for domestic workers increased. The opening up of the economy also increased the disposable income of households who could outsource their household and care duties to domestic workers.<\/p>\n<p>There are supply-side factors too for the increase in the number of domestic workers. There are both push and pull factors. The push factors include agricultural failure and lack of opportunities in the rural areas that push people to migrate to urban areas in search for better opportunities. Even among the urban poor, the lack of better opportunities often pushes them to take up domestic work.<\/p>\n<p>The pull factors leading to the increase in domestic workforce are the increasing industrialization, urbanization and the lure of better-paying, non-seasonal work opportunities.<\/p>\n<p>Here, we have highlighted some of the challenges faced by domestic workers in India.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Informal_Work_and_The_Lack_of_Benefits\"><\/span>Informal Work and The Lack of Benefits<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Domestic work is informal in nature and workers, as a result, don\u2019t have minimum wage regulations or even the basic rights, leave alone benefits.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lack_Of_Social_Security\"><\/span>Lack Of Social Security<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Owing to poverty, domestic workers have high out-of-pocket expenses, especially for healthcare, that eat into their savings. Without savings, insurance, disability benefits, maternity benefits or pension, domestic workers have a high risk of falling further into poverty if a major expense, a natural disaster or a force majeure event like the Covid pandemic occurs. The lack of social security benefits leaves the growing population of domestic workers without any financial security.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Job_Insecurity\"><\/span>Job Insecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Domestic workers enter employment without any contracts unlike formal jobs. So, they are hired and fired at will by employers who view them as highly replaceable entities. They don\u2019t have any job security.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Poor_Working_Conditions\"><\/span>Poor Working Conditions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>It is well-documented that domestic workers have poor working conditions owing to the unregulated, informal nature of work, lack of mobilization among workers and the sheer difficulty of monitoring. We keep seeing horror stories of poor treatment being meted out to domestic workers.<\/p>\n<p>Domestic workers, especially live-in and full-time workers, don\u2019t have defined work hours. They are not offered weekly or monthly days off and even when they do take off, they are faced with pay cuts. They lack rest and welfare facilities. They are at a high risk of violence and abuse \u2013 physical, verbal, emotional and sexual.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Policy_Gaps\"><\/span>Policy Gaps<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Without comprehensive policies, domestic workers are highly unprotected, vulnerable and exploited. There is a need for policies that ensure that domestic workers have access to minimum wage, decent work conditions, social protection and dignity of work, among others.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gender-Specific_Challenges\"><\/span>Gender-Specific Challenges<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>More than two-thirds of domestic workers in India are women and this gendering of work brings other challenges. Women domestic workers are often sole breadwinners or major contributors to the household income. The pay disparities are real as women domestic workers are paid even less than the already underpaid male domestic workers. Women domestic workers are at a higher risk of violence and abuse.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_To_Improve_the_Plight_of_Domestic_Workers_in_India\"><\/span>How To Improve the Plight of Domestic Workers in India?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>While policy level changes and mindset changes are necessary, there is a small step that can be taken to instantly improve the lives of domestic workers.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"By_providing_social_security_benefits%E2%80%A6\"><\/span>By providing social security benefits\u2026<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Social security benefits provide a much-needed safety cushion to domestic workers in the event of any major expense, sickness, disability, natural disaster or involuntary loss of income. Healthcare benefits help ensure that they and their families get access to proper, timely treatment without any out-of-pocket expenses. They can save more and use their income for more critical expenses like children\u2019s education, skill training and so on.<\/p>\n<p>Domestic workers will have access to insurance, disability and pension benefits that will ensure that their family doesn\u2019t fall into deeper poverty if anything were to hamper their earning ability. Retirement benefits ensure that domestic workers have some financial security and would not be forced to engage in heavy labour as they age.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, providing social security benefits is a small, yet critical step in improving the plight of domestic workers. TankhaPay app was developed with this in mind. It enables employers to pay social security benefits to their domestic workers and other informal workers in a hassle-free manner.<\/p>\n<p>Want to know more? Visit <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TankhaPay<\/a> <\/strong>now.<\/p>\n<p>Or<\/p>\n<p><strong>Download the TankhaPay app now<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.tankhapay.tankhapay\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/googleplay-e1677916387659.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"47\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/in\/app\/tankhapay\/id6446194135\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tankhapay.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/appstore-300x92.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"46\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"tmnf_excerpt\">Domestic workers are the backbone of most urban households and urban economies in India. Household \u2026<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6386,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-security"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.2 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Improving The Plight of Domestic Workers in India, One Step at A Time<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Domestic workers are the backbone of most urban households and urban economies in India. 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